Type of chemical reactions
Type of chemical reactions
1.) Combination Reaction :-
When two or more substances (elements or compounds) combine to form a single product.
Whose properties are entirely different from the original substance.
Ex -
A + B -> C
i. When coal burns in presence of air it produce carbon dioxide gas.
C (g) + O2(g) -> CO2 (g)
ii. When hydrogen combines with oxygen it forms water.
H2 (g) + O2(g) -> H2O(l)
Note :- In this reaction heat is produced.
➡️Exothermic reactions :- The reactions, in which heat is generated in course of formation of product, are Exothermic reaction.
Ex-
a.) CH4 (g) + 2O2(g) -> CO2 (g) +2H2O (g) + energy
2) Decomposition Reactions :-
In this reaction, a substance is broken down into two or more new substances whose properties are different from the original substance, is called decomposition reaction.
Ex - A - > B + C
 |
| (Fig. 01) |
Note :- In this reaction heat is required.
➡️Endothermic reaction :- The reaction, in which energy is absorbed is called Endothermic reaction.
*Above ( fig. 01) are the Endothermic reaction.
There are three types of decomposition reaction
➡️Electrolytic decomposition
➡️Thermal decomposition reaction
➡️Photo decomposition /Photolytic decomposition reaction /photochemical reaction
▶️Electrolytic Decomposition :-
This reaction happens in presence of electric current. In this reaction activation energy is used as electrical energy.
Ex-
▶️Thermal decomposition reaction:-
This reaction happens in presence of heat energy. In this reaction Thermal energy is used in the form of heat.
Ex-
▶️Photo decomposition :-
This reaction happens in presence of sun light. In this reaction energy is used as photons.
Ex-
➡️What is displacement or single displacement reaction?
Ans - The process of removal of the element from a compound by an element is called displacement reaction.
Ex-
Some examples of displacement reactions are-
 |
| Examples of displacement reactions |
▶️Double displacement reaction :
A chemical reaction involving exchange of radicaks, is called double displacement reaction.
Some important examples are -
▶️Precipitation Reaction :-
The reaction, in which precipate is formed, is called precipitation reaction.
Note :-
➡️Precipitate(अवक्षेप) :- An insoluble substance formed in a solution by the mixing of chemical reagents in a chemical reaction.
Above the reactions Barium sulphate and silver chloride both are precipitates.
Q.) What is neutralization reaction?
Ans - That reaction, in which one reactant is acid and ohter is base, which reacts each other to give salt and water, is called Neutralization reaction.
▶️ Oxidation and Reduction
(उपचयन एवं अपचयन)
➡️Oxidation :- The addition of oxygen to a substance is called oxidation, increase in oxygen in a substance is called Oxidation.
➡️The removal of hydrogen from a substance is called Oxidation.
Ex-
▶️Reduction :- The separation of oxygen from a substance is called Reduction.
➡️The removal of oxygen from a substance is called reduction.
Ex-
▶️What is Oxidising agent?
The substance which gives oxygen for Oxidation and removes hydrogen is called Oxidising agent.
➡️It is electron acceptor.
➡️It accepts the electrons and itself is reduced.
▶️What is Reducing agent?
The substance which gives hydrogen for reduction and removes oxygen is called Reducing agent.
➡️It is electron donor.
➡️It gives electrons and itself is oxidised.
▶️What is Redox reaction?
Ans- That chemical reaction in which oxidation and reduction both occur together is called redox reaction.
🔑Key points 🗝️
➡️Oxidation : Loss of electrons.
➡️Reduction : Gain of electrons.
➡️Oxidising agent: Electron acceptors.
➡️Reducing agent: Electron donors.
Example :1
Zn loses electrons and oxidised to Zn²+ whereas Fe²+ accepts electrons and is reduced to Fe. Zn is reducing agent and Fe²+ is Oxidising agent.
Example :2
▶️I¯ loses electrons and is oxidised to I two whereas Cl2 accepts electrons and is reduced to Cl¯. Thus I¯ is reducing agent whereas Cl2 is Oxidising agent.
Some more examples :
Some other important examples :
Here-
i) Substance oxidised : H2
ii) Substance reduced : CuO
iii) Oxidising agent : CuO
iv) Reducing agent: H2
Here-
i) Substance oxidised : H2S
ii) Substance reduced : Cl2
iii) Oxidising agent: Cl2
iv) Reducing agent: H2S
>>EFFECT OF OXIDATION 👇
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